Linking Words (Vocabulary-- Cause, reason, purpose and result)

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Cause and Reason


  • Owing to the icy conditions, the two lorries collided.
  • The collision was due to the icy conditions.
  • The collision was caused by  ice on the road.
  • The cause of  the collision was ice on the road.

  • The rise in prices sparked off a lot of political protest.
  • The President's statement gave rise to/ provoked/ generated a lot of criticism.
  • The new law has brought about/ led to  great changes in education.
  • This problem stems from the inflation of recent years.
  • The court-case arose out of  allegations made in a newspaper.

1. Try to guess the meaning of the previous linking words.



Reasons for and purposes of doing things

  • Her reason for  not going with us was that she had no money.
  • I wonder what his motives were in  sending that letter?
  • I wonder what prompted him to send that letter?
  • She wrote t the press with the aim of exposing the scandal.
  • I've invited you here with a view to resolving our differences.
  • He refused to answer on the grounds that this lawyer wasn't there.
  • The purpose of her visit was to inspect the equipment.

2. Try to guess the meaning of the previous linking words.


Results

  • He did no work. As a result/ As a consequence/ Consequently, he failed his exams.
  • The result/ consequence of all these changes is that no-one is happy any more.
  • His remarks resulted in everyone getting angry.
  • The events had an outcome that no-one could have predicted.
  • The upshot of all these problems was that we had to start again.
  • When the election results were announced, chaos ensued.
3. Try to guess the meaning of the previous linking words.




4. Let's speak!
Make two sentences into one, using an of the previous linking words.

  • There was a controversial decision. She wrote to the local newspaper to protest.
  • I didn't contact you. I'd lost your phone number.
  • I will not sign. This contract is illegal.
  • The government passed a new law. It was in order to control prices.
  • She sent everyone flowers. I wonder why?
  • The salary was high. She applied for the job. 


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